Sensibilidad a herbicidas del frijolillo (Desmanthus virgatus) en diferentes etapas de desarrollo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17138/tgft(13)94-107Resumen
El Frijolillo (Desmanthus spp.) es una leguminosa nativa, naturalizada o sembrada en muchas áreas tropicales y subtropicales, incluida Australia, donde su uso potencial como leguminosa acompañante se está extendiendo a latitudes más meridionales. El frijolillo se siembra comúnmente en antiguos terrenos de cultivo que tienen una carga significativa de malezas. En estas situaciones, las malezas pueden ser un problema durante la fase de establecimiento, así como en en praderas de frijolillo establecidas. Se llevaron a cabo tres experimentos de campo en el norte de Nueva Gales del Sur para evaluar la sensibilidad de D. virgatus 'Marc' a los herbicidas en diferentes etapas de desarrollo de la pastura. En la siembra, el imazetapir [0.41 kg de ingrediente activo (i.a./ha)] y la trifluralina (0.85 kg i.a./ha) fueron adecuados para uso como preemergente. A las 9 semanas, el bromoxinil (0.14–0.56 kg i.a./ha) y el flumetsulam (0.02–0.08 kg i.a./ha) causaron poco daño a las plantas y son adecuados para su uso, mientras que la 2,4-D amina (0.54–2.16 kg i.a./ha) y el MCPA (0.49–1.95 kg i.a./ha) causaron daños fuertes, reduciendo la producción de forraje y retrasando la floración. En una pastura de 10 meses de edad, el bromoxinil (0.14–0.56 kg i.a./ ha), el imazetapir (0.04–0.14 kg i.a./ha) y la terbutilazina (0.44–1.75 kg i.a./ha) causaron daños menores a corto plazo. El isoxaflutol (0.04–0.15 kg i.a./ha) provocó un blanqueamiento temporal del follaje y una reducción de la producción, sin efectos persistentes tras el corte. Las plantas establecidas de frijolillo fueron defoliadas por paraquat (0.2–0.8 kg i.a./ ha), pero rebrotaron sin efectos fitotóxicos. Todos estos herbicidas pueden utilizarse en plantas de frijolillo. En pasturas establecidas de frijolillo, el 2,4-DB (0.35–1.4 kg i.a./ha) causó daños significativos, pero no la muerte de las plantas. No se observaron efectos persistentes del herbicida en la productividad de las plantas en cortes posteriores.
Biografía del autor/a
Suzanne Patricia Boschma, NSW Department of Primary Industries
Dr Suzanne Boschma is a Senior Research Scientist with NSW Department of Primary Industries based at Tamworth. She has over 20 years’ experience in pasture grass and legume field-based research. Over the last 15 years her research has focussed on tropical grass and legume species and their adaption to northern inland NSW. Sue’s research contributes to providing resilient pasture options to maintain and/or manage feed supply year-round and quantifying and overcoming issues affecting their productivity and persistence. Her research conducted solely and in collaboration, has increased the knowledge of existing and new pasture options in northern NSW
Mark Andrew Brennan, NSW Department of Primary Industries
Mark Brennan is a senior technical officer in the Pastures Unit. He has 20 years research and development experience.
Steven Harden, NSW Department of Primary Industries
Mr Steven Harden is a biometrician with NSW Department of Primary Industries with 35 years experience.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales
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